Shingle and shingled covering



Dec. 27, 1955 H. ABRAHAM 2,728,309 SHINGLE AND SHINGLED COVERING Filed May 25, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. flseaeer 45444444 Dec. 27, 1955 ABRAHAM 2,728,309

SHINGLE AND SHINGLED COVERING Filed May 25, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 3 l i 36 34% I 27 A /20 26 F 3/ I} r V 153 IN V EN TOR. flakes-er flamwm/w Dec. 27, 1955 H. ABRAHAM SHINGLE AND SHINGLED COVERING 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 25, 1954 INVENTOR.

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m a "m United States Patent 2,728,309 SHINGLE AND SHINGLED COVERING Herbert Abraham, New York, N. Y., assignor to The Ruberoid Co., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey This invention relates to a shingle and shingled roofing, and especially to a shingle of the lock-down or interlocking type, as well as to a roof covering formed of such shingles.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a shingle of the lock-down or interlocking type that is economical in the amount of material required to form a roof covering when applied with like shingles.

Another object of the invention is to provide a shingle of the type described that can be cut from sheets of asphalt roofing material or the like, of conventional widths, with little waste, and so are economical to manufacture.

A further object of the invention is to provide shingles of the type described that are self-aligning and simple to apply in interlocked relation to form a roof covering.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a roof covering of interlocked shingles that are resistant to becoming unfastened or detached from one another under winds of usual, and even substantially'higher, velocities.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a plan view of the shingle in dual strip form;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a modified form of the dual strip shingles;

Fig. 3 is a view showing a manner of cutting the dual strip shingles of the form of Fig. 1 from a sheet of roof- 111g;

Fig. 4 is a view showing a manner of cutting the dual strip shingles of the form of Fig. 2 from a sheet of roofing material; and

Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a plurality of the dual strip shingles of the form shown in Fig. 1 applied in courses to provide a roof covering.

The shingles are cut from continuous sheets or webs of asphalt roofing or like material.

In Fig. 1, the invention is shown as embodied in a shingle of dual strip form. In this instance the body of the shingle comprises a pair of step-like portions 23 and 24, each of which has straight, parallel, horizontal upper and lower edges 25-26, and 27-28, respectively. The upper and lower edges 25-26 of the portion 23 are of the same lengths. The upper and lower edges 27-28 of the body portion 24 are also of the same lengths but somewhat shorter than those of the corresponding edges of the body portion 23. The right outer side of the shingle strip consists of a straight, unbroken, vertical edge 29, and the left outer side of the strip comprises three vertical edge portions 30, 31 and 32, connected by a horizontal line 33 and an inclined line 34. In this strip the edge portions 30 and 31 are in vertical alignment. The right inner side of the upper body portion 23 is defined by vertical edge portions 35-36, connected by an inclined line 37, while the left inner side of the lower body portion 24 is defined by vertical edge portions 38-39, connected by an inclined line 40. A vertical slot or opening 41-41 is formed inwardly from the lower edge of each of the body portions, which slots or openings have at least one straight edge 42. The locking tabs 20 and 20' of the two body portions are defined by the lines 31-34 and by .the lines 39-40, respectively. The form of these shingle strips is such that they can be cut from a sheet or web of 36" width with a minimum of waste as shown in Fig. 3, the waste being only about 2 /2%. the horizontal distance between the edge portions 30 and 32, and the length of the edge portion 33. The letter b indicates the horizontal distance between the side edge 29 and the remote edge 42 of the slot 41. The letter c indicates the horizontal distance between the edge portions 32-42 and 38-42. The letter d indicates the vertical distance between the upper edge 25 of the shingle and the horizontal edge portion 33, and serves to define the extent of the headlap of the shingles when laid in overlapping courses. In order that the shingles will break joint in halves, the relationship of these distances and dimensions should be a+b= /zc. In the present strip shingle, the letter 2 indicates the distance that the left edge 42 of the slot is spaced from the prolongation 38' of the edge 38 which distance is equal to one-half the distance c.

Dual strip shingles of the form of Fig. 1 are laid in interlocked relation in courses as indicated in Fig. 5. As shown, the tab 20 of the upper body portion 23 of each shingle of a course is inserted in slot 41 of the upper body portion of the neXt preceding shingle of the same course, and the tab 20 of the lower body portion of each strip is inserted in the slot 41' of the lower portion of the preceding shingle. Each shingle is secured by three nails 22 driven therein in the positions substantially as shown so that each nail will pass through a shingle of a lower course.

Referring now to the dual strip shingle shown in Fig. 2, that shingle also has two body portions 43-44, each having upper and lower edges 45-46 and 47-48, respectively. The right outer side of the shingle has a straight, vertical edge 49 and the left outer side has three vertical edge portions 50, 51, and 52, which portions are connected by a horizontal line 53 and an inclined line 54. The right inner side of the upper portion is defined by two vertical edges 55-56 connected by an inclined line 57. The left inner side of the lower portion is similarly defined by two vertical lines 58-59 connected by an inclined line 60. The upper and lower body portions have tabs 20-20 and slots or openings 61-61.

Here, again, the relative distances or dimensions indicated by the letters a, b, c, d, and e, and their relationship, are the same as hereinabove described with respect to the form of shingle illustrated in Fig. 1. Shingles of this modified form may be conveniently cut from a sheet or web of roofing material of about 72" width, in the manner indicated in Fig. 4, with a minimum of waste. When so cut, two dual strip shingles are formed widthwise of the sheet, thus eliminating any waste along the edges of the sheet.

The shingles are applied and nailed in the same manner as shown in Fig. 5. That is to say, the tab 20 of the body portion 43 of each shingle is inserted in the slot 61 of the corresponding portion of the neXt preceding shingle of the same course, and the tab 20' of the body portion 44 is inserted in the slot 61' of the preceding shingle.

The foregoing specification relates to the preferred embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that other modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope thereof.

What I claim is:

l. A shingle of the interlocking type comprising a body having two integral step-like portions, one below and offset sidewise from the other and both having openings in their lower edges for insertion of the locking tabs of the two portions of the body of a like shingle, the upper of said The letter a indicates step-like portions having its outer side edge formed of three vertical portions, the middle one of whichis offset inwardly from the other two, the upper vertical portion of said side edge being connected by a horizontal portion with the middle portion, the lower vertical portion of said side edge being connected by an inclined portion with said middle portion to form a locking tab, the inner side edge of said upper step-like portion being formed of two vertical portions connected by an inclined portion, the inner side edge of the lower step-like portion being formed of two vertical portions connected by an inclined portion, the lower one of said vertical portions together with the inclined portion defining the contour of a locking tab on the inner edge of said lower body portion, the outer side edge of said lower body portion being formed of an unbroken vertical line,

2. A shingle of the interlocking type comprising a body having two integral steplil e portions, one below and offset sidewise from the other and both having openings in their lower edgesfor insertion of the locking tabs of the two 1 portions of the body of a like shingle, the upper of said step-like portions having its outer side edge formed of three vertical portions, the upper vertical portion being offset inwardly from the lower vertical portion, and the middle vertical portion being offset inwardly from both of the other vertical portions, the lower vertical portion of said side edge being connected by an inclined portion with said middle portion to form a locking tab, the inner side edge of said upper step-like portion being formed of two vertical portions connected by an inclined portion, the inner side edge of the lower step-like portion being formed of two vertical portions connected by an inclined portion, the lower one of said vertical portions together with the inclined portion defining the contour of a locking tab on the inner edge of said lower body portion, the outer side edge of said lower body portion being formed of an unbroken vertical line.

3. A shingle covering consisting of a plurality of shingles of like form laid in courses with the shingles of each course side-lapped upon and interlocked with the immediately preceding shingle of the same course, and headlapped upon the shingles of the next lower course, each shingle comprising a body having two integral steplike portions, one below and ofiset sidewise from the other and both having openings in their lower edges for insertion of the locking tabs of the two portions of the body of a like shingle, the upper of said step-like portions having its outer side edge formed of three vertical portions, the middle one of which is offset inwardly from the other two, the upper vertical portion of said side edge being connected by a horizontal portion with the middle portion, said horizontal portion serving as a guide for laying a like shingle of the next upper course with the proper extent of headlap, the lower vertical portion of said side edge being connected by an inclined portion with said middle portion to form a locking tab, the inner side edge of said upper step-like portion being formed of two vertical portions connected by an inclined portion, the inner side edge of the lower step-like portion being formed of two vertical portions connected by an inclined portion, the lower one of said vertical portions together with the inclined portion defining the contour of a locking tab on the inner edge of'said lower body portion, the outer side edge of said lower body portion being formed of an unbroken vertical line.

Abraham Aug. 4, 1925 Harshberger Dec. 18,v 1934 

